Iran-Pakistan Nexus: A Holistic Perspective on Historical Ties and Future Trajectories

Abstract

This study explores the complex historical development of Pakistan-Iran ties, categorizing them into four separate periods from the Cold War to the present day. The alliance endured external obstacles, including sectarian terrorism and geopolitical changes like 9/11, which had a greater influence than internal issues. Nadeem, Hassan, and Zahm, prominent scholars, have thoroughly analyzed the Afghan element and its impact on bilateral relations. The paper examines the changing dynamics affected by Chinese participation in the Belt and Road Initiative, particularly focusing on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). This research is motivated by the lack of a thorough analysis of the impact of Indian and Chinese involvement in Iran-Pakistan relations, especially regarding economic interests. The methodology utilizes both primary and secondary sources, with a focus on the cultural connection of the Baloch people. The report also examines potential future developments in trade between the two countries and Afghanistan's security in relation to the Iranian nuclear deal. Geopolitical, historical, and cultural connections are recognized as elements that promote similarity rather than difference. The article ends by evaluating outstanding matters such as unexplored market opportunities, border conflicts, and the necessity for efficient financial mechanisms to enhance economic collaboration.